Evaluation of Validity and Reliability of Pre-Service Geography Teachers’ Grit Questionnaire among Colleges of Education in Northwest, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64348/zije.2026341Abstract
This study examined the validity and reliability of the pre-service geography teachers’ grit questionnaire (PGTGQ) in Colleges of Education in Northwest Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted and a standard procedure for face, content, and construct validation and reliability testing were followed. Content validity was established through ten (10) experts from geography education, science education, psychology, and test and measurement. The instrument was pilot-tested with a sample of pre-service Geography teachers, and the data were analysed using Cronbach’s alpha to assess internal consistency of the instrument. The findings revealed that the Average Expert-Level Face Validity Index (AELFVI) was 0.86, confirming that the questionnaire items were clear and appropriate for measuring pre-service Geography teachers’ Grit. A Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave) of 0.89 further confirmed that the instrument adequately represented the intended construct. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that ten (10) items with factor loadings greater than 0.40 were retained. The overall reliability coefficient obtained was 0.83, indicating that the instrument was reliable for data collection. Based on these findings, the study concluded that the instrument is valid and reliable to measure the pre-service geography teachers’ grit questionnaire in Colleges of Education in Northwest Nigeria and recommended that the PGTGQ can be used to assess pre-service Geography teachers' grit.
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